E2P3S
Scholium — Part II
Latin
Vulgus per Dei potentiam intelligit Dei liberam voluntatem et jus in omnia quæ sunt quæque propterea communiter ut contingentia considerantur. Deum enim potestatem omnia destruendi habere dicunt et in nihilum redigendi. Dei porro potentiam cum potentia regum sæpissime comparant. Sed hoc in corollario I et II propositionis 32 partis I refutavimus et propositione 16 partis I ostendimus Deum eadem necessitate agere qua seipsum intelligit hoc est sicuti ex necessitate divinæ naturæ sequitur (sicut omnes uno ore statuunt) ut Deus seipsum intelligat, eadem etiam necessitate sequitur ut Deus infinita infinitis modis agat. Deinde propositione 34 partis I ostendimus Dei potentiam nihil esse præterquam Dei actuosam essentiam adeoque tam nobis impossibile est concipere Deum non agere quam Deum non esse. Porro si hæc ulterius persequi liberet, possem hic etiam ostendere potentiam illam quam vulgus Deo affingit, non tantum humanam esse (quod ostendit Deum hominem vel instar hominis a vulgo concipi) sed etiam impotentiam involvere. Sed nolo de eadem re toties sermonem instituere. Lectorem solummodo iterum atque iterum rogo ut quæ in prima parte ex propositione 16 usque ad finem de hac re dicta sunt, semel atque iterum perpendat. Nam nemo ea quæ volo percipere recte poterit nisi magnopere caveat ne Dei potentiam cum humana regum potentia vel jure confundat.
English (Elwes 1883)
The multitude understand by the power of God the free will of God, and the right over all things that exist, which latter are accordingly generally considered as contingent. For it is said that God has the power to destroy all things, and to reduce them to nothing. Further, the power of God is very often likened to the power of kings. But this doctrine we have refuted (Pt. i., Prop. xxxii., Corolls. i. and ii.), and we have shown (Part i., Prop. xvi.) that God acts by the same necessity, as that by which he understands himself; in other words, as it follows from the necessity of the divine nature (as all admit), that God understands himself, so also does it follow by the same necessity, that God performs infinite acts in infinite ways. We further showed (Part i., Prop. xxxiv.), that God's power is identical with God's essence in action; therefore it is as impossible for us to conceive God as not acting, as to conceive him as non--existent. If we might pursue the subject further, I could point out, that the power which is commonly attributed to God is not only human (as showing that God is conceived by the multitude as a man, or in the likeness of a man), but involves a negation of power. However, I am unwilling to go over the same ground so often. I would only beg the reader again and again, to turn over frequently in his mind what I have said in Part I from Prop. xvi. to the end. No one will be able to follow my meaning, unless he is scrupulously careful not to confound the power of God with the human power and right of kings.
Modern English
The multitude understands by God's power God's free will and his right over all existing things, which are accordingly treated as contingent. God is said to have the power to destroy all things and reduce them to nothing. His power is often compared to the power of kings. We refuted this view (E1P32C1) and showed (E1P16) that God acts by the same necessity by which he understands himself. Just as it follows from the necessity of the divine nature that God understands himself, as everyone grants, so by the same necessity God acts in infinitely many ways. We also showed (E1P34) that God's power is nothing other than God's active essence, so it is as impossible for us to conceive God as not acting as to conceive him as non-existent.
If I were to pursue this further, I could also show that the power commonly attributed to God is not only anthropomorphic, which shows that the multitude conceives God as a man or after the likeness of a man, but also involves the idea of impotence. I am unwilling to go over the same ground so many times. I only ask the reader, again and again, to consider carefully what has been said in Part 1 from Proposition 16 to the end on this matter. No one will be able to grasp what I mean unless they take great care not to confuse God's power with the human power and right of kings.