E3P40S1
Scholium 1 to Proposition 40 — Part III
Latin
Quod si se justam odii causam præbuisse imaginatur, tum (per propositionem 30 hujus et ejusdem scholium) pudore afficietur. Sed hoc (per propositionem 25 hujus) raro contingit. Præterea hæc odii reciprocatio oriri etiam potest ex eo quod odium sequatur conatus malum inferendi ei qui odio habetur (per propositionem 39 hujus). Qui igitur se odio haberi ab aliquo imaginatur, eundem alicujus mali sive tristitiæ causam imaginabitur atque adeo tristitia afficietur seu metu concomitante idea ejus qui ipsum odio habet tanquam causa hoc est odio contra afficietur ut supra.
English (Elwes 1883)
He who thinks that he has given just cause for hatred will (III. xxx. and note) be affected with shame; but this case (III. xxv.) rarely happens. This reciprocation of hatred may also arise from the hatred, which follows an endeavour to injure the object of our hate (III. xxxix.). He therefore who conceives that he is hated by another will conceive his enemy as the cause of some evil or pain; thus he will be affected with pain or fear, accompanied by the idea of his enemy as cause; in other words, he will be affected with hatred towards his enemy, as I said above.
Modern English
If he imagines that he himself gave just cause for the hatred, he will be affected with shame (E3P30). But this rarely happens (E3P25). This reciprocation of hatred can also arise from the fact that hatred is followed by a conatus to inflict harm on the one who is hated (E3P39). He who imagines himself to be hated by another will therefore imagine that other to be the cause of some harm or sadness, and will thereby be affected with sadness, or with fear accompanied by the idea of the one who hates him as its cause, that is, he will be affected with hatred in return, as stated above.