E3P18S2
Scholium — Part III
Latin
Ex modo dictis intelligimus quid sit spes, metus, securitas, desperatio, gaudium et conscientiæ morsus. Spes namque nihil aliud est quam inconstans lætitia orta ex imagine rei futuræ vel præteritæ de cujus eventu dubitamus, metus contra inconstans tristitia ex rei dubiæ imagine etiam orta. Porro si horum affectuum dubitatio tollatur, ex spe sit securitas et ex metu desperatio nempe lætitia vel tristitia orta ex imagine rei quam metuimus vel speravimus. Gaudium deinde est lætitia orta ex imagine rei præteritæ de cujus eventu dubitavimus. Conscientiæ denique morsus est tristitia opposita gaudio.
English (Elwes 1883)
From what has just been said, we understand what is meant by the terms Hope, Fear, Confidence, Despair, Joy, and Disappointment.[5] Hope is nothing else but an inconstant pleasure, arising from the image of something future or past, whereof we do not yet know the issue. Fear, on the other hand, is an inconstant pain also arising from the image of something concerning which we are in doubt. If the element of doubt be removed from these emotions, hope becomes Confidence and fear becomes Despair. In other words, Pleasure or Pain arising from the image of something concerning which we have hoped or feared. Again, Joy is Pleasure arising from the image of something past whereof we have doubted the issue. Disappointment is the Pain opposed to Joy.
[5] Conscientiae morsus--thus rendered by Mr. Pollock.
Modern English
From what has just been said we understand what hope, fear, confidence, despair, gladness, and remorse are. Hope is nothing other than an unstable joy arising from the image of a future or past thing whose outcome we are uncertain about. Fear, by contrast, is an unstable sadness also arising from the image of a doubtful thing. If the uncertainty is removed from these affects, hope becomes confidence and fear becomes despair, that is, joy or sadness arising from the image of a thing we had feared or hoped for. Gladness, then, is joy arising from the image of a past thing whose outcome we were uncertain about. Remorse is the sadness opposed to gladness.